AVMA Abstract:

Medical surveillance of dogs deployed to the World Trade Center and the Pentagon

Cynthia M. Otto, DVM, PhD, DACVECC

Associate Professor of Critical Care

University of Pennsylvania

Introduction: Approximately 300 search and rescue (SAR) dogs and their handlers responded to the terrorist attacks of 9/11/01. The potential long-term health risks associated with working in such an environment are unknown, particularly for the dogs since they had no personal protective equipment.

Methods: In a case-controlled study, we evaluated deployed SAR dogs and nondeployed SAR dogs (controls) between October 2001 and June 2002. Veterinarians examined the dogs and obtained chest radiographs and blood, which were shipped to the University of Pennsylvania for analysis. Handlers completed a canine behavioral survey and medical and training histories. Results were evaluated using t-tests and chi-squared analyses.

Results: Survey information was obtained on 97 cases and 55 controls. Blood and radiographs were obtained on 71 cases and 53 controls. The cases were significantly older and more experienced than the controls. Despite statistically significant differences in some blood results, all values for both groups were within normal limits. There were no significant differences in behavior or medical history between groups.

Conclusions: Within the first year following the 9/11 attacks, there is no evidence that responding dogs developed adverse effects that can be related to their work. We will continue to monitor these dogs for a minimum of 3 years. Medical monitoring of the SAR dogs deployed to the World Trade Center (WTC), Pentagon and Fresh Kills Landfill will identify critical health risks relevant to human responders and provide valuable information to optimize working conditions for the dogs.

Supported by a generous grant from the AKC Canine Health Foundation.

Return to Publications